Which antibiotic is recommended for prophylaxis in cases of infective endocarditis?

Prepare efficiently for the USMLE Step 2 with our Antibiotics and Treatments Exam. Explore detailed questions, gain insights with comprehensive explanations, and boost your confidence for success! Ace your exam!

Amoxicillin is the preferred antibiotic for prophylaxis in cases of infective endocarditis, particularly in patients at higher risk for developing the condition, such as those with certain congenital heart defects or prosthetic heart valves. The antibiotic's effectiveness stems from its ability to penetrate bacterial cell walls and inhibit cell wall synthesis, which is crucial when addressing the types of bacteria commonly responsible for endocarditis.

In particular, amoxicillin is effective against viridans group streptococci, which are frequently implicated in cases of infective endocarditis. The prophylactic regimen typically involves a single dose of amoxicillin administered prior to dental procedures or other interventions that may introduce bacteria into the bloodstream, thereby reducing the risk of infection.

Other antibiotics listed, while useful in treating various infections, do not hold the same specific role in preventing infective endocarditis. Ciprofloxacin is primarily used for urinary tract infections and respiratory infections. Doxycycline is utilized for a range of infections, including those due to atypical pathogens and Lyme disease, while metronidazole is effective against anaerobes and protozoa but not indicated for prophylaxis against infective endocarditis. Understanding the specific indications and use of amoxicillin in the context

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