What is the initial treatment for acute multiple sclerosis (MS)?

The initial treatment for acute exacerbations of multiple sclerosis (MS) typically involves the use of steroids, specifically corticosteroids. This approach is directed towards reducing inflammation and accelerating recovery from relapses. During an acute attack of MS, inflammatory processes contribute to the demyelination and nerve damage experienced by the patient. Corticosteroids such as methylprednisolone are effective in decreasing the duration and severity of these exacerbations by suppressing the immune response.

While other treatments exist for MS, they are either used for long-term management (such as immunosuppressants) or for different clinical contexts. Antivirals are not indicated in MS, as the condition is not caused by a viral infection. Plasmapheresis may be considered in cases where patients show severe disability and do not respond to steroids, but it is not the first-line treatment for acute exacerbations. Thus, corticosteroids are the cornerstone of initial therapy for managing acute attacks of MS, making this choice the most appropriate for the situation described.