What is the first-line treatment for Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections?

The first-line treatment for Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections is a combination of ceftriaxone and azithromycin. This dual therapy approach is crucial for several reasons. First, Neisseria gonorrhoeae has shown increasing resistance to various antibiotics in recent years, particularly to fluoroquinolones and penicillins. Using ceftriaxone, a third-generation cephalosporin, provides a reliable option as it is effective against resistant strains. Azithromycin, a macrolide antibiotic, is included to target potential co-infection with Chlamydia trachomatis and to help reduce the risk of developing further resistance.

This combination not only maximizes the potential for successful treatment of gonorrhea but also addresses the concern of antibiotic resistance by providing two mechanisms of action against the pathogen. It is important to stay updated on treatment guidelines from authorities such as the CDC or WHO, which may change in response to ongoing surveillance of bacterial resistance patterns.