What is the common side effect of aminoglycosides?

Aminoglycosides, which include medications such as gentamicin, tobramycin, and amikacin, are primarily used to treat serious infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria. One of the well-recognized common side effects associated with aminoglycosides is nephrotoxicity. This refers to their potential to cause damage to the kidneys, leading to acute kidney injury.

The nephrotoxic effect occurs due to the accumulation of aminoglycosides in renal tubular cells, where they can cause cellular damage and impair kidney function. Monitoring renal function during treatment is critical, especially since the risk of nephrotoxicity increases in patients who are also receiving other nephrotoxic agents or who have pre-existing kidney issues.

Understanding this side effect is crucial for clinicians, as it highlights the importance of dosing adjustments and the need for regular kidney function assessments when administering aminoglycosides to patients.