What combination of medications is used for post-exposure prophylaxis following HIV exposure?

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The combination of Tenofovir and Emtricitabine is the recommended regimen for post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) following potential exposure to HIV. This approach involves starting antiretroviral medication as soon as possible after the exposure—ideally within 72 hours—and continuing for a duration of 28 days.

Tenofovir is a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor, and Emtricitabine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Together, they are effective in preventing the replication of HIV in the event of exposure, thereby significantly reducing the risk of seroconversion.

The other medication combinations listed are not appropriate for HIV PEP. Azithromycin and Dapsone are used for different infectious conditions, such as respiratory infections and certain types of bacterial infections, but not for HIV. Clarithromycin and Ethambutol are primarily used in the treatment of Mycobacterial infections. Vancomycin and Ceftriaxone are antibiotics effective against a variety of bacterial pathogens but have no role in HIV prophylaxis. Therefore, Tenofovir and Emtricitabine stands out as the established PEP regime specifically targeting HIV prevention.

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