What class of antibiotics is known for causing disulfiram-like reactions when taken with alcohol?

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The class of antibiotics known for causing disulfiram-like reactions when taken with alcohol is metronidazole. This reaction occurs because metronidazole inhibits the enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase, leading to an accumulation of acetaldehyde when alcohol is consumed. The presence of acetaldehyde can result in unpleasant symptoms such as flushing, nausea, vomiting, and palpitations, similar to the reaction seen in individuals who consume alcohol while taking disulfiram, a medication used to support the treatment of chronic alcoholism.

This unique interaction highlights the importance of advising patients to avoid alcohol while on metronidazole to prevent these adverse effects. Other antibiotic classes listed do not have a similar mechanism that leads to disulfiram-like reactions, making metronidazole the correct and distinct choice in this scenario.

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